When using different sizes of tools or tool wear, the tool length compensation command can be used to compensate for changes in tool size without having to re-adjust the tool or re-align the tool. The figure below shows the offset of the different tool length directions.
1 programming format
For the FANUC system, the tool length compensation commands are G43, G44, G49, G43 is the tool length positive compensation; G44 is the tool length negative compensation; G49 is the undo tool length compensation command.
1) The programming format for the establishment of tool length compensation:
Z is the programmed value and H is the register number of the length compensation value. The offset amount corresponds to the offset number and is preset in the offset memory by the CRT/MDI operation panel.
When using the G43 and G44 commands, the end point coordinate value of the Z axis movement specified in the program must be calculated with the offset in the register specified by H (or D), regardless of whether it is programmed in absolute or incremental size. When the time is added, the G44 is subtracted, and then the operation result is processed as the end point coordinate value. G43 and G44 are modal codes.
When executing G43:
Z actual value = Z command value + (H × ×)
When executing G44:
Z actual value = Z command value - (H × ×)
Where: H×× refers to the tool length compensation amount in the XX register.
2) Programming format for tool length compensation cancellation:
G00(G01)G49Z_
Or G00(G01)G43/G44Z_H00
2 considerations
1 The establishment of the tool length compensation can only take effect under the movement command.
2 Some CNC systems, such as FAGOR8055M, use G43 to activate tool length compensation (addition/subtraction depends on the positive and negative offsets in the register); G44 cancels tool length compensation.
Concerned about surprises
Label: Offset measurement of various tool length directions
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