A study completed by scientists from China and the United States showed that the addition of nanometer-sized diamond particles to the electrolyte of a lithium battery can prevent the formation of short-circuit deposits inside the battery and avoid accidents such as fire. The study was completed by cooperation between Tsinghua University in China and Drexel University in the United States. The paper was published in the new issue of Nature's News magazine.
Lithium batteries have high energy density, good charge and discharge performance, and are widely used in industrial and consumer electronics. However, if pure lithium is used as an electrode, dendritic deposits called "dendrites" are easily generated inside the battery, and the size thereof will cause a short circuit. At present, lithium batteries generally use lithium-incorporated graphite materials as electrodes, which can reduce the generation of “dendritesâ€, but also greatly reduce the energy storage effect, and only one-tenth of the lithium batteries that use metal lithium as electrodes.
The researchers added nanodiamonds to the lithium battery electrolyte and found that the resulting deposits were smooth, rather than dendritic. This new result is expected to inhibit the generation of "dendritic" in the case of pure lithium electrodes, making the lithium battery both safe and high performance.
Nano-diamonds are extremely tiny diamond particles that are less than one ten-thousandth the diameter of a hair filament and are inexpensive to manufacture. They have a very regular structure and are easy to arrange naturally to form a smooth surface.
Lithium batteries with nano-diamonds have been subjected to a 200-hour steady charge-discharge cycle in experiments, which is sufficient for some industrial applications, but further improvements and verifications are needed for smart phones and notebooks. .
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