How to determine the quality of photovoltaic modules in all aspects?

Cell

1test content and method

1) Cell manufacturers, packaging (inside and outside packaging), appearance, size, electrical properties, solderability, gate line printing, tensile strength of the main grid lines, and uniformity of electrical properties after cutting. (Shelf life is one year before unpacking)

2) Sampling inspection (according to 2/1000th of the incoming material), electrical performance and appearance and weldability are all checked in the production process.

2 inspection tool equipment

Monolithic tester, vernier caliper, electric iron, eraser, blade, tension meter, laser dicing machine.

3 required materials

Tin coating, flux.

4 test methods

1) Packaging: Good, visual inspection.

2) Appearance: Meet the purchase contract requirements.

3) Dimensions: Measured with a vernier caliper, the result meets the manufacturer's size ± 0.5mm

4) Electrical properties: Tested with a cell tester, the result was ±3%.

5) Solderability: Normal soldering is performed at a temperature of 320-350°C. After soldering, a uniform solder layer is left on the main gate line. (To ensure that the coated tin tape and flux are solderable)

6) Printed on the grid line: Rub it back and forth 20 times in the same place with an eraser.

7) Tension resistance of the main grid line: welding the interlocking strips to â–³, and then testing with a tensile tester, the result is greater than 2.5N.

8) Uniformity of electrical properties after cutting: The battery was sliced ​​into several pieces using a laser scribing machine, and the electrical performance of each piece was tested to maintain an error of ±0.15 W.

5 inspection rules

If the above content is completely inspected, if there is one that does not meet the inspection requirements, the batch will be tested for 5 out of 5 parts. If the contents of 4), 5), 7), and 8) are still not met, it is determined that the incoming material is unqualified.

Tin coating

1test content and method

1) Manufacturers, specifications, packaging, shelf life (six months), appearance, thickness uniformity, weldability, breaking rate, serpentine bending and tensile strength.

2) Each incoming inspection (plate loading), appearance production process inspection.

2 inspection tool equipment

Steel ruler, caliper, soldering iron, vise, dynamometer.

3 required materials

Cell, flux.

4 test methods

1) Good visual quality of outer packaging, shelf life, specifications and models.

2) Appearance: Visually check whether there are black spots on the surface of the tin coating, non-uniform tin layers, and distortions.

3) Thickness and specifications: According to the geometry inspection provided by the supplier, the width is ±0.12mm, and the thickness ±0.02mm is regarded as qualified.

4) Solderability: Same as Cell Test Method

5) Breaking rate: Take 10 tin strips of the same length as the incoming material and bend them in one direction by 180°. The number of breaks shall not be less than 7 times.

6) Serpentine camber: Pull the tinning tape out of the length of 1 meter close to the ruler, measure the maximum distance from the ruler, the maximum value <3.5mm.

5 inspection rules

The above content is completely checked, and if there is one that does not meet the inspection requirements, it will be re-inspected. If it still does not meet the contents of 2), 4), and 5), it is determined that the incoming material is unqualified.

EVA film adhesive

1test content and method

1) Manufacturers, specifications, models, packaging, shelf life (six months), appearance, thickness uniformity, and glass and backplane peel strength, degree of cross-linking.

2) Incoming materials are sampled, and the peeling strength and cross-linking degree of the production process are all checked in the sampling inspection and appearance reproduction process.

2 inspection tool equipment

Tape measure, Vernier caliper, Wallpaper knife, Rally meter, Scissors, 120 mesh screen, Cross-linking degree tester, Oven, Electronic scale

3 required materials

TPT backsheet, small glass, xylene, antioxidants.

4 test methods

1) Visually inspect the packaging, confirm the manufacturer, specifications, and shelf life.

2) The visual appearance confirms that the EVA surface has no black spots, stains, wrinkles or voids.

3) According to the geometry provided by the supplier, the measurement width is ±2mm and the thickness is ±0.02mm.

4) Thickness uniformity: Ten sheets of film of the same size shall be weighed, and then the weight of each film shall be compared. The maximum to minimum value shall not exceed 1.5%.

5) Peel strength: After lamination according to the manufacturer's lamination parameters, test the peel strength of EVA and glass, EVA and backboard. (after cooling)

a. Peeling strength of EVA and TPT: Use a wallpaper knife to draw a width of 25px in the middle of the backplane, and then pull TPT and eval with a tension gauge. The tensile force is more than 35N as qualified.

b. Peeling strength of EVA and glass: The method is the same as above, one end is clamped on the EVA with a tension gauge, and the other end is fixed with glass. The tensile force is more than 20N as qualified.

6) Cross-linking degree test: See the cross-linking degree test method. The test result is between 70% and 85%.

5 inspection rules

The above content is completely checked, and if there is one that does not meet the inspection requirements, it will be re-inspected. If it still does not meet 2). 5). 6) The content of the item is judged as unqualified.

Backplane

1test content and method

1) Manufacturers, specifications and models, packaging, shelf life (one year), appearance, bonding strength with EVA, and adhesive strength at the backplane level.

2) Incoming materials are sampled, and the peeling strength and adhesive strength of the production process are all checked in the sample inspection and appearance reproduction process.

2 inspection tool equipment

Tape measure, vernier caliper, wallpaper knife, rally meter.

3 required materials

EVA, small glass.

4 test methods

1) Visually inspect the packaging, confirm the manufacturer, specifications, and shelf life.

2) Visually check the appearance of the backplane to ensure that there are no black spots, stains, wrinkles, voids, etc.

3) According to the geometry provided by the supplier, the measurement width is ±2mm and the thickness is ±0.02mm.

4) Adhesion strength to EVA: The peel strength of the method is the same as EVA and TPT.

5) Adhesive strength at the backplane level: Cut the backplane sandwich with a blade, clamp one side, and use a tensile tester on the other side with a test result of more than 20N.

5 inspection rules

The above content is completely checked, and if there is one that does not meet the inspection requirements, it will be re-inspected. If it still does not meet 2). 4). 5) The content of the item is judged as unqualified.

Tempered glass

1test content and method

1) Manufacturers, specifications and models, packaging, appearance, toughness, thickness and size, and peel strength of EVA.

2) Inspection of incoming materials, inspection of appearance reproduction process.

2 inspection tool equipment

Tape measure, caliper, 1040g steel ball.

3 required materials

EVA, backplane.

4 test methods

1) The packaging is visually good, confirm the manufacturer, specifications and models.

2) Size (length * width * thickness):

The standard thickness of tempered glass is 3.2mm, and the allowable deviation is 0.2mm.

Length and width tolerance 0.5mm, diagonal tolerance 0.7mm

3) Visual appearance:

Tempered glass allows a length of no more than 10 mm per metre of edge, a depth of not more than 2 mm extending from the edge of the glass towards the surface of the glass sheet, and a burst edge extending no more than one third of the thickness of the glass from the side of the sheet facing the other side of the glass.

Tempered glass does not allow concentrated air bubbles with a length of less than 1 mm. For lengths greater than 1mm

Stones, cracks, and missing corners are not allowed.

Tempered glass surfaces allow no more than four scratches per square meter with a width of less than 0.1 mm and a length of less than 50 mm. Within one square meter, the width of the inner 0.1-0.5mm length is less than 50mm.

Tempered glass does not allow wave bending, bow bending does not allow more than 0.2% of the side length. (Future material sampling and placing platform, measuring the value of the largest distance from the table)

4) Peel strength with EVA: The same test method as EVA peel strength was used.

5) Tempering strength: In order to test six samples, the glass is placed on the test stand, and the ball is placed at 1-1.2 meters from the glass to allow the steel ball to fall freely on the glass.

5 inspection rules

If the above content is in full inspection, one of the inspections does not meet the inspection requirements. If it still does not meet 2). 3). 4) If the content of the inspection is 5), it is determined that the batch is unqualified.

Aluminum profiles

1test content and method

1) Package, size, surface hardness, thickness of oxide film, profile curvature, appearance, material, matching of profiles and corners.

2) Inspection of incoming materials, inspection of appearance reproduction process.

2 inspection tool equipment

Tape measure, vernier caliper, platform.

3 required materials

Tin coating, flux.

4 test methods

1) The packaging is visually good, confirm the manufacturer, specifications and models.

2) Size: According to the geometry provided by the supplier Measurement width +1mm, length +1mm

Wall thickness tolerance ≤0.5mm

3) Appearance: The surface has no oxidation spots, the whole 0-12.5px scratches shall not exceed two; the number of 0.5-25px scratches shall not exceed one, and scratches larger than 25px shall not be allowed.

4) Profile bending: In the future, the maximum distance between the measurement surface and the mesa on the material placement platform shall not exceed 0.2% of the side length.

5) Matching of profiles and corners: Take a set of profiles assembled, and the gap is <1mm as qualified.

6) Surface hardness (>12), oxide film (>10um), material are provided by the supplier.

5 inspection rules

If the above contents are all inspected, one of them does not meet the inspection requirements, and the lot number of the product will be re-examined, if it still does not meet 2). 3). 5) If the item is required for inspection, determine that the batch is unqualified.

Silica gel

1test content and method

1) Manufacturers, specifications, models, packaging, shelf life, appearance, surface dry time, elongation, bonding test with the backplane.

2) Random inspection of incoming materials and follow-up inspection of production process.

2 inspection tool equipment

Glue gun, stopwatch, ruler, tension meter.

3 required materials

Various backplanes.

4 test methods

1) Confirm the incoming materials manufacturer, specifications, models, packaging, shelf life.

2) Appearance In a bright environment, the product is squeezed into thin strips for visual inspection. The product should be fine, uniform paste or viscous liquid, free of agglomerates, gels, and bubbles. The color is generally white or milky white, non-irritating odor.

3) Drying time The product will be taped on the test board with a glue gun and immediately start timekeeping until no finger is touched with fingertips. Record the time from extrusion to non-sticking (10 min ≤ time used) ≤30min)

4) Elongation: A piece of silica gel was evenly punched on the experimental plate, and the result of the tensile test was ≥300% after it was completely cured (the curing time was recorded, the thickness of the silica gel strip, the original length, and the length after stretching).

5) Adhesion test: Three silica gels were punched on different backing plates. After curing, the adhesives were observed and measured with a tensile tester. The values ​​were recorded. (The result is greater than 10N).

5 inspection rules

If the above content is in full inspection, one of the inspections does not meet the inspection requirements. If there are still inconsistent with 2), 3), 4), and 5) inspection requirements, determine that the batch is unqualified.

Junction Box

1test content and method

1) Manufacturers, specifications and models, appearance, connector tensile force, lead clip bite force, diode tube bite force, cover bite force, diode withstand voltage test.

2) Random inspection of incoming materials and follow-up inspection of production process.

2 inspection tool equipment

Tension meter, pressure test.

3 required materials

Tin coated tape.

4 test methods

1)Confirm junction box manufacturers, specifications and models

2) Appearance: Check whether the appearance has defects, identification (should not be wiped), and the number of diodes and defects inside the junction box.

3) Connector tensile force: Connect the connector to the junction box, then clamp the junction box and pass the tensile test (tension >10N) as qualified.

4) Leading-edge snap-in force: Put the bus-bar into the bayonet, and use the tension meter to clamp the applied tension>40N to be qualified.

5) Lid force of the lid: continuous broadcasting three times, still need special tools to open it as qualified.

6) Diode Voltage Resistance: Tested with a Hipot Tester (1000VDC)

5 inspection rules

If the above content is in full inspection, one of the inspections does not meet the inspection requirements. If there are still non-conformity with 2), 3), 4), 5), and 6) inspection requirements, determine that the batch is unqualified.

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