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Analysis of common problems
Source: China Bearing Network Time: 2014-09-30
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Keywords: loader operation equipment problem analysis loader operation equipment is an important component of the loader; its operation function will directly affect the efficiency of the entire loader; however; compared with other systems of the loader We are not able to discuss the depth of it. Especially in recent years; we pay more and more attention to the appearance of the loader; and there is some progress in the center of its connotation. Below; we often present according to these years loader equipment Faults; analyze one by one.
First, the operating equipment lever twists and turns:
Wang Wenshengyi; the drawbar is tensioned during the operation; it only shows the appearance of the elongated or hinged hole; it does not present a tortuous appearance. Therefore, in the depiction, we only think about the maximum tensile force it can accept; Therefore, the tie rod becomes the thinnest part of the working equipment. In practice, if the working equipment is not properly portrayed or operated improperly, the rod will be subjected to other forces greater than the pulling force.
The first status of the list:
After the unloading of the working equipment in the free direction below the highest position; if the user's next move is not to lower the boom or the bucket; but to directly promote the boom; at this time; the force of the drawbar is not the tension; Use the following figure to clarify:
After the unloading in the orientation of the figure; if it is immediately promoted to the boom; because the unloading limit block and the boom touch; the relative angle between the bucket and the boom can not be reduced. é¦ è‰¿ 艿 艿 艿 è€ è€ è€ è€ Î½ ν ν ν圩饔 椒 椒 椒 é€ é€ é€ å¸Œ 希 希 希 希 希 希 é’¡ é’¡ é’¡ é’¡ é’¡ é’¡ é’¡ é’¡ é’¡ é’¡ é’¡ é’¡ é’¡ é’¡ é’¡ é’¡ é’¡ é’¡ 诜馑 诜馑 诜馑 诜馑 诜馑 诜馑 诜馑 诜馑 诜馑 诜馑 诜馑 10 Dad's eyebrows are stunned, smashing, smashing, swearing, swearing, swearing, swearing, ridiculous, ridiculous, arbitrarily The pressure of the cylinder front chamber relief valve is determined.
The second situation:
When the working equipment performs the excavation work; at this time, the entire weight of the loader falls on the bucket and the rear wheel; the front wheel does not receive the force. The cutting force of the bucket to the ground is supplied by the pull rod to the thrust of the bucket; At this time, the drawbar receives the pressure; the thickness of the pressure is determined according to the component of the whole machine and the pressure of the front chamber relief valve of the tumbling cylinder; the two are the smallest ones.
The third situation:
When the working equipment is in the unloading operation; the user often cleans the dumping; operates the dumping cylinder; uses the bucket limit block and the boom to make a strong bump; then the rocker will exert an impact pressure on the drawbar; if it does not think about the motion inertia The strength of the big. 怂苎沽 Φ 笮∫ 笮∫ 笮∫ 怯煞 怯煞 怯煞 怯煞 扒æ 扒æ 扒æ 扒æ 扒æ 扒æ 扒æ 扒æ 扒æ æ°²è° æ°²è° æ°²è° æ°²è° æ°²è° æ°²è° æ°²è° æ°²è° æ°²è° æ°²è° æ°²è° æ°²è° æ°²è° æ°²è° æ°²è° æ°²è° å‡°Recovering wisdom and sin.
The above are three typical working conditions of the zigzag of the drawbar; the method of torque balance in the mechanical principle; we can find out the working condition in which the drawbar is subjected to the most pressure; the stability check on the drawbar. About the third working condition; Weld a limit block at the boom beam; it can prevent the rifle cylinder from transmitting too much impact pressure to the tie rod. As shown on the left, regarding the top and second working conditions; we can adjust the front cavity of the cockpit cylinder. The pressure of the relief valve should not be too high; ensure that the tie rod is not bent. According to the experience; determine whether the pressure in the front chamber of the bucket cylinder is too high; we have one of the most simple methods; that is, under the first working condition; let the engine idle. Promote the boom; if the boom can not be promoted or feel the engine speed is significantly reduced or even extinguished; then the dump bucket cylinder front chamber relief valve pressure is too high; should be tested with a pressure gauge and adjusted to the regular value.
However, the pressure of the valve cannot be adjusted too low for the tie rod. If the pressure is too low; when the loader operating equipment is at the full bucket level; because the weight of the bucket and the material is related to the force of the lower fulcrum of the bucket The arm is almost zero; as shown in the picture; the bucket is simply turned backwards; the material will fall from the bucket edge of the bucket; simply smash the cab; cause personal injury to the driver.
Second, the bucket is not in place:
“The bucket is not in place†means that the loader operation equipment is working for a period of time; the bucket limit block on the bucket cannot be touched with the boom; the bucket angle does not reach the regular value.
The appearance of this appearance is mainly due to the strength of the layout parts in the working equipment; the plastic deformation caused by the attack. When we draw the working equipment; the strength of the checking equipment is often the force when the loader is fully loaded for the material. Analyzed; we often think that under such conditions; the operating equipment is the most stressed. Actually not; according to the work experience; we analyze the situation of the plastic deformation of the attack and there are several situations that are neglected by us; here Put forward; so that we can think about the strength of the layout of the work equipment in the subsequent drawing work.
The first status of the list:
When we are drawing the working equipment; in order to prevent the loader from spreading when transporting the material; adjusting the orientation of the hinge between the bucket cylinder and the front frame; and making the working equipment from the ground position to the highest point of the regular transport position Arc movement; the bucket limit block of the bucket is always close to the boom; this can keep the working equipment from impact; prevent material from falling; and can simplify the driver's operation; When it comes to the shipping direction; then operate the fighting action. This function is what we often say "by the block function."
After the motion track; we carefully analyzed and found that the working equipment with this function is not bound by the limit block; the working equipment is in the circular motion from the ground position to the highest point of the regular transport position; bucket and movement The relative angle of the arm is gradually reduced. In practice, because of the constraint of the limit stop; the bucket forces the lever to pull the rocker; the piston rod of the bucket is pressed back. The piston rod of the bucket is pressed back After the oil is filled into the front chamber of the tumbling cylinder; the back chamber is filled with oil. Generally speaking, the open pressure of the back chamber is 1.25 times the system pressure of the working hydraulic system. Therefore; From the direction of the bucket on the ground to the highest point of the regular transport position, there is a possibility that the tension of the drawbar and the bending moment of the rocker are greater than the corresponding forces on the ground. As shown on the left.
The second situation:
When the working equipment is unloaded at the highest point; the user often cleans the dumping; operates the dumping cylinder; uses the bucket limit block and the boom to make a strong bump; the time is long; the bucket limit block and the boom will present a concave Pit; the unloading angle of the bucket has far exceeded the drawn value; at this moment, the linkage of the working equipment is close to a dead point; that is, the three points A, B, and C are simply a straight line; at this time, the working equipment is retracted; And the rocker arm will be subjected to infinite pull. In order to prevent this appearance from appearing; the most useful method is to weld the unloading stop block between the rocker arm and the boom; to prevent excessive impact between the bucket and the boom.
There are some other common problems in the working equipment; such as the crankshaft of the cylinder rod; the cylinder operation is not synchronized; the boom beam is cracked, etc.; because the space is limited; it will not be described here.
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