A total of 300 one-day-old Ross 308 broilers were randomly assigned to three groups, with 25 birds in each group and four replicates. The control group was fed a basal diet without any additives, while the experimental groups I and II received diets supplemented with 0.2% and 0.4% fumaric acid, respectively. The trial was conducted in two phases: the first phase from day 1 to day 21, and the second phase from day 22 to day 42. Body weight was recorded at the end of each phase. The results showed that the inclusion of 0.2% and 0.4% fumaric acid significantly improved body weight gain, feed conversion ratio, survival rate, and crude protein digestibility during both growth stages. However, no significant differences were observed in slaughter performance parameters such as carcass yield and breast meat percentage. When considering overall performance, the addition of 0.2% fumaric acid provided the most favorable outcomes. These findings suggest that fumaric acid can be an effective dietary supplement for improving the growth and health of broiler chickens, particularly at lower concentrations.
The hydraulic cylinder is a hydraulic actuator that converts hydraulic energy into mechanical energy and does linear reciprocating motion (or oscillating motion). It has a simple structure and works reliably. When it is used to realize reciprocating motion, the deceleration device can be dispensed with, and there is no transmission clearance, and the movement is stable, so it is widely used in the hydraulic system of various machinery. The output force of the hydraulic cylinder is proportional to the effective area of the piston and the pressure difference between its two sides, and the hydraulic cylinder is basically composed of cylinder barrel and cylinder head, piston and piston rod, sealing device, buffer device and exhaust device.
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