Onion seedling and planting methods:
First, fertilization:
You should choose to warm the sun, the soil is loose and fertile, and you can fill the land to build a seedbed. The width of the face is 1.2-1.5 meters, and the length varies from place to place. Apply 5-6 kg per square meter of decomposed farmyard manure and apply 60-80 g of Compound Fertilizer. Mix the soil and fertilizer in the soil and remove the cover soil. The area of ​​the seedbed is required to be 1-1.5 points per acre, and 150-200 grams of seeds are required.
Second, the seeding method:
1, spread the broadcast. Pour the bottom water before sowing the onion seeds. After the underwater infiltration, spread the dry seeds (to ensure uniform spreading, the seeds and fine soil can be mixed first). After the seeds are sown, cover the fine soil 1-1.5 cm.
2, the broadcast. Do not mistake the dry broadcast at a line spacing of 6-8 cm, and draw a shallow groove of 1.5 cm depth. Spread the seeds into the ditch, level off and practise, and finally water.
Third, seedbed management:
1. Cover the mulch before emergence, and remove the cover in time after emergence. 2. After the seedlings are out, the last fine soil or water is poured. 3, 2 true leaves, combined with weeding to carry out seedlings, seedlings 4-5 cm. 4. If there is a lack of fertilizer in the seedbed, 5 kg of urea will be applied per acre combined with watering. 5, before the seedlings should be watered, and then seedlings.
Fourth, strong seedling standards:
When planting, it is necessary to select seedlings with developed roots, strong growth and uniform size. It is best to choose the seedling age before transplanting in 55-60 days, the seedling diameter is 6-8 mm, the seedling height is 25 cm, and the single seedling weight is about 4-8 g. . Eliminate the seedlings, dwarf seedlings, diseased seedlings, and branching seedlings, and grow too large and small seedlings.
5. Transplanting and planting:
1. Soil preparation and fertilization. Onion like big fat, generally 5,000 yuan of farmer' S fertilizer , 30 kg of diammonium phosphate, 15 kg of potassium sulfate, plus 1 kg of zinc fertilizer, after spreading the fertilizer, plowing, the soil is ploughed and made 2 meters wide. , 10 meters long. 2, watering the film. Water is irrigated for 5-7 days before transplanting. After the soil moisture is fully infiltrated, the herbicide is sprayed on the surface of the crucible, and then the membrane is warmed and protected. 3, punching and transplanting. Before the planting, the membrane should be perforated, and the row spacing between the holes is 15 cm. You can also make a punching device to improve the efficiency of planting.
6. Field management:
1. Watering principle. After about 20 days after onion planting, the onion enters the slow seedling period. Too much watering will lower the ground temperature and slow down the young plants. However, the new roots of the newly planted seedlings have not yet germinated, and they cannot be dehydrated. Therefore, the number of times the onions are watered at this stage, but the amount of watering each time is small. The general principle is that the seedlings are not wilted and the ground is not dried.
2, fertilization. After the onion is planted, it is generally not topdressed before the slow seedlings. After wintering, the winter water is combined with the water, and 1000-1300 kilograms of manure per acre is applied. When the spring turns back to green, it is combined with pouring back the green water and applying a green fertilizer.
3, cultivating loose soil. Loose soil is beneficial to the development of onion roots and the expansion of bulbs. Generally, the seedling stage should be carried out 3-4 times, combined with each watering; the stem and leaf growth period should be carried out 2-3 times, and the cultivating should be stopped after the plants are closed. . The depth of cultivating should be about 3 cm, the planting area should be shallow, and the place away from the plant should be deep.
4, in addition to è–¹. For the early twitching onion, before the flower ball is formed, it is cut off from the lower part of the flower bud, or separated from the tip of the flower bud, and two pieces are torn from top to bottom to prevent flowering from consuming nutrients, promoting side bud growth and forming a more substantial bulb.
5. Control pests and diseases. Common diseases of onions include downy mildew, purple spot disease, atrophic disease, and soft rot. Common pests include flies, thrips, red spiders, crickets, crickets, etc., and must be promptly controlled.
6. Harvesting. Onion harvesting is generally from the end of May to the beginning of June. When the onion leaves gradually turn yellow from bottom to top, the pseudo stems become soft and begin to fall; the bulbs stop expanding, the outer leather is in the dormant stage, indicating that the bulbs are mature, and should be harvested in time. After the onion is harvested, it should be dried in the field for 2-3 days.
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