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Pacific Security Network News ]
The content of this article is the reason for the loss of hard disk space and the solution. The large-capacity hard disk is more and more popular with users because of its better cost performance. Many users have turned their attention to the big computer when installing or upgrading the computer hard disk. Capacity of the hard drive. Some users find that they do not match the actual nominal capacity of the hard disk after purchasing the hard disk, or some users will find that their hard disk capacity becomes smaller after using for a period of time. Then, for these problems, we will talk about the hard disk capacity.
Reasons for the loss of hard disk space and solutions
First of all, we must correctly understand the issue of the size of the hard disk. Frequently pay attention to the hard disk report, users with a little hard disk knowledge will know that the actual capacity of the hard disk is generally less than its nominal capacity. The main reason for this situation is that most of the time we define the hard disk capacity with 1G=1048M, and the BIOS design and test software of most motherboards also calculate the hard disk capacity with 1048K bytes. In computing and production, the capacity is often calculated at 1000K bytes per megabyte, which results in a difference of about 5% between the two. The hard disk capacity is divided into physical disk capacity calculated by physical parameters such as the number of heads and the number of cylinders, and the logical disk capacity of the actual available space after partitioning, formatting, and the like. In addition, choosing different operating modes (NORMA, LBA, LARGE) in CMOS will also result in inconsistent capacity. Due to the influence of these factors, in general, the gap between the hard disk test capacity and the nominal capacity is about 5%-10% is basically normal.
The hard disk capacity is related to the three hard disk modes of NORMAL, LBA, and LARGE in the motherboard CMOS. Simply put, since the earliest BIOS only supports hard disks with a capacity of no more than 528M, the C/H/S parameters in the BIOS are exactly the same as those of the hard disk. At this time, the mode of the hard disk is NORMAL. Later, in order to solve the limitation of 528M, the LARGE mode appeared. It doubled the capacity supported by the BIOS by increasing the number of logical cylinders, but this is an excessive mode and soon there is no used. With the popularity of large-capacity hard disks, in the current CMOS hard disk mode, only LBA has practical significance, and NORMAL and LARGE cannot identify and use large-capacity hard disks.
After understanding the above reasons, we don't seem to need to pay attention to the problem of lost hard disk space. In fact, in many cases, the hard disk will also lose space in different programs. Such as hard drive bad sectors, hidden junk files and so on.
There are many reasons for the loss of hard disk space, such as misoperation, abnormal program exit, abnormal shutdown, virus infection, errors in program operation, or unreasonable hardware partitions, which will result in loss of hard disk space. So below, we can easily analyze the loss of hard disk space in several cases.
1, bad sectors of the hard disk
Hard disk bad sectors are the most serious loss of hard disk space. Hard disk bad sectors will need to be repaired or shielded in a timely manner by various methods, because serious hard disk bad sectors are physical damage of the hard disk, accompanied by contagious, if not In time for repair and handling, the bad sectors will grow bigger and bigger, until the entire hard drive. Once the hard disk has bad sectors, you must remember to back up important file data in time. It is not backed up on this hard disk. It is necessary to replace other hard disks in time for backup or burn into disk. Because once the hard disk has bad sectors, it means that the life of this hard disk is not too long. Even if it is repaired by software, there is a serious danger. It is believed that the important data on the hard disk is more valuable than the hard disk itself.
2, the partition is too large
Whether the logical partition of the hard disk is reasonable is not only related to the classification management of the hard disk file, but also directly relates to the full utilization of the hard disk space.
We know that the storage of files is in clusters, that is, one file occupies one or more clusters, and the cluster is composed of one or more sectors. If a cluster has only one byte occupied by a file, then the rest of the cluster, even if it is idle, cannot be used by other files, and the space is wasted. It can be seen that whether the partition of the hard disk is reasonable in size is directly related to the use of the hard disk space.
For the current 80GB hard drive, we try to divide a few logical disks, such as 20GB, 30GB, it is recommended not to exceed 40GB. But it is not the smaller the better, for example, 80GB is no longer recommended to partition in 10GB, because too many partitions will not only affect the speed of the entire system, but also very inconvenient to manage. Like a 160GB large-capacity hard disk, we can reasonably partition according to our actual needs, generally 40GB can be used, preferably not more than 60GB.
3. Temporary documents
The waste of hard disk space caused by temporary files is also an easy problem to ignore.
When we use a computer, sometimes there are errors in running the application instead of exiting normally, or the computer suddenly shuts down, etc., which will cause many .TMP files to continue to be stored on the hard disk and run the application in the Windows window environment. When it starts, the file that starts with ~GRB is used to store information about the screen. In addition, there is a win386.swp for temporary swap file of Windows itself. The application will delete these files before the program exits normally, and the application cannot delete them when it exits normally. These files can be cleaned regularly.
The method of cleaning is very simple, a brief introduction. Select the drive letter to be cleaned, such as "C" drive, right click on the drive letter, select "Properties", then select "General", we can see the "Disk Cleanup" option, click to "Disk Cleanup" "Window, also select "Disk Cleanup", then we can see that there are several options for us to choose, click on the previous space to select and click OK. If you want to do other operations, you can click "Other Options" to complete.
4, the loss of the cluster
The File Allocation Table (FAT) is an implicit table on a floppy disk or hard disk. FAT records how files are stored on specific (not necessarily contiguous) clusters. The file allocation table uses a simple method to keep track of the data. In FAT, the entry of the first cluster is the address of the second cluster used to store the file. At the second cluster entry is the address of the third cluster, and so on, until the final cluster entry containing the file end code.
Obviously, if the FAT table data is destroyed for some reason, the logical continuity of the hard disk data will be disordered, resulting in the loss of hard disk space. This type of space loss can be solved with a general disk repair tool, but the data is often not fixed. Due to the flaw of the traditional FAT format, if a cluster does not appear in any file allocation chain, and the cluster is marked as non-zero in the corresponding file allocation table, then the cluster is not used by any file, and It can no longer be used for other files, so there is a "cluster loss" phenomenon. The loss of clusters inevitably leads to the loss of hard disk space. This "lost" space is usually caused by abnormal termination of the program during operation, abnormal shutdown in the Win98 environment, and so on.
Therefore, from the above we believe that the NTFS format should be resolutely used in most hard disk partitions. Of course, those old-fashioned hard disks still recommend FAT32, which is the most effective way to solve the above problems.
5, the reasonable use of hard disk space settings
The Recycle Bin space setting directly affects the amount of free space on your hard drive. It is best to set your Recycle Bin size to 5% of your hard drive space, and you should periodically empty your Recycle Bin. Another point is that the Internet file temporary storage space setting in IE, if you set it too large, it will occupy your hard disk space.
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