In recent years, the widespread use of various herbicides has indeed improved agricultural productivity and reduced labor demand, marking a significant advancement in farming practices. However, a troubling issue has emerged in Wulian County, Shandong Province: the blind and excessive use of herbicides by farmers. This practice not only negatively affects crop yields and agricultural production but also causes considerable environmental damage.
Firstly, many farmers do not follow the recommended dosages when applying herbicides. For instance, 50% acetochlor EC is often used at higher concentrations than advised. Some even mix it up to 100 or 200 times the recommended amount, which severely hinders crop growth, leading to plant death and reduced yields. Farmers have reported that corn roots are now weaker than before, making plants more prone to lodging and drought. A case in point is Li Mou from Fangzi Village, who planted soybeans in 2013 using 99% acetochlor from a local chemical company. Despite the product being marketed as safe for crops, he applied it excessively, causing seedlings to die continuously after emergence. After ruling out other factors, it was determined that the overuse of acetochlor led to the loss of his crop.
Secondly, the increasing use of selective herbicides has replaced traditional methods. Crops like peanuts, soybeans, sweet potatoes, and corn now rely heavily on these chemicals. While selective herbicides target weeds, they can still affect the crops themselves. Long-residual herbicides such as chlorsulfuron-methyl, imidazolium, and atrazine may persist in the soil and impact future planting cycles. For example, after using imidazolium or chlorsulfuron, farmers cannot grow rice or corn the following year. Overuse of such herbicides can lead to serious crop damage.
During field investigations, many farmers reported severe winter wheat seedling deaths, with some plots showing uneven growth and even "off-ridge" phenomena. Similar batches of seeds performed differently across plots, leading to initial suspicion of fertilizer or seed issues. However, analysis revealed that excessive herbicide use was the real cause.
Additionally, improper application of herbicides in ditches and fields leads to environmental harm, including water pollution, soil degradation, and disruption of local ecosystems. These issues highlight the urgent need for better education and guidance for farmers.
The author urges pesticide distributors and agricultural departments to promote proper herbicide usage through awareness campaigns. Only with responsible application can we ensure both agricultural success and environmental protection.
Moreover, many farmers still use outdated spraying equipment, such as old sprayers and manual high-pressure pumps, which suffer from leaks and inefficiency. This reduces pesticide effectiveness and increases usage, leading to higher risks of phytotoxicity and health hazards. Encouraging the adoption of modern, efficient tools is crucial for improving pest control, reducing costs, and preventing accidents.
Finally, it is recommended that herbicide manufacturers clearly state in their instructions whether the products may affect crops, especially lower ones, to help farmers make informed decisions during application.
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