Recently, associate professor Li Qi, professor He Jinliang and others of the Department of Electrical Engineering of Tsinghua University have developed an all-organic composite film with high-efficiency dielectric energy storage at 200 degrees Celsius for the first time. Related papers were published in "Nature-Communication".
Polymer film capacitors have the advantages of high dielectric strength, low energy loss, and good self-healing properties, and their market share in the global industrial capacitor market exceeds other types of capacitor products. However, the insulation performance of polymer dielectric materials is extremely sensitive to temperature. Under the action of high temperature and high electric field, the leakage current increases exponentially and the discharge efficiency drops sharply, which eventually causes the capacitor to be overheated and damaged. At present, mainstream commercial film capacitors only work below 105 degrees Celsius, and the long-term operating temperature is below 70 degrees Celsius.
Li Qi and others have adopted a completely different technical route from the previous method—using the strong electron capability of the electron acceptor material in organic photovoltaics to realize the construction of deep charge traps in high-temperature polymers. This organic molecular semiconductor electron acceptor material has extremely high electron affinity, and is widely used in organic photovoltaics to efficiently separate excitons at the heterojunction interface. They can produce a strong binding effect on free electrons through the extremely uneven distribution of electrostatic potential on their surface.
According to reports, at a high temperature of 200 degrees Celsius, the dielectric energy storage performance of such all-organic composite dielectric materials not only far exceeds the current best high-temperature polymer and polymer nanocomposite dielectric materials, but also close to commercial polymer capacitors. The performance of the film at room temperature; while greatly improving the high-temperature dielectric energy storage characteristics, it also realizes the preparation of a large area and uniform performance of the film, which provides the possibility to realize the application of film capacitors in a harsh temperature environment of 200 degrees Celsius.
In addition, the all-organic composite system solves the problems of uneven dispersion of high surface energy particles and introduction of interface defects in the traditional organic-inorganic composite system, and has significant advantages in film quality and large-scale preparation. (Li Huiyu)
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