Lin Bolin’s research group, a professor at the School of Material Science and Technology of ShanghaiTech University, developed a carbon dioxide reduction artificial photosynthesis system with an energy conversion efficiency of more than 20% from solar energy to chemical energy through new electrode structure and system engineering optimization. Related results were recently published online in "Journal of Materials Chemistry A".
Plants convert solar energy into electric potential energy through photosynthesis, and then drive a series of biochemical reactions to convert carbon dioxide and water into carbon-containing energy carriers and oxygen. This is the core basic process of carbon-based bio-utilization of energy and carbon materials. However, the conversion efficiency from solar energy to chemical energy in natural photosynthesis is too low. Although the theoretical value is up to 8%, it is generally less than 1% in practice. The highest energy conversion efficiency of artificial photosynthesis is less than 18%.
Lin Bolin’s research group has creatively developed an integrated thin-film electrode with nano-porous polypropylene membrane loaded with nano-multilayer pore silver, which can achieve high activity, high selectivity and high stability of carbon dioxide electroreduction. Experiments and theoretical analysis show that this nano-level pore structure can not only increase the number of active sites, but also break through the limit of the three-phase interface diffusion limit based on thin film electrodes reported by previous reports, thereby achieving a relative low overpotential. Higher carbon dioxide electroreduction is divided into current density and carbon monoxide selectivity.
"Through quantitative system engineering analysis, it is found that if the electrode is matched with the most advanced solar cell, the photocurrent of the solar cell can be fully utilized. It is estimated that the highest conversion efficiency from solar energy to chemical energy is about 25%." Lin Bolin told China Science News "At the same time, they combined the electrode with the nickel-iron-based anode developed by the research group, matched with the commercial solar cell, and developed an artificial photosynthesis system based on carbon dioxide reduction.
The system showed good stability during the 28-hour long-term test. Its highest conversion efficiency from solar energy to chemical energy reached about 20.4%, and the average energy conversion efficiency throughout the entire process was 20.1%, exceeding all known carbon dioxide reductions. Artificial photosynthesis system.
Lin Bolin said that this discovery has guiding significance for the further breakthrough of artificial photosynthesis system in the future. (Reporter Huang Xin)
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