Laser cutting is one of the most significant technologies in the field of laser processing. Thanks to its numerous advantages, it has found widespread application in industries such as automotive, rail manufacturing, aerospace, electronics, and metallurgy. Lasers are used in various forms across different sectors—cutting, welding, heat treatment, and cladding, among others. Among these, laser cutting stands out, accounting for approximately 70% of all industrial laser applications. It is renowned for its high speed, precision, and superior cutting quality. When combined with advanced CNC systems and machine tools, lasers deliver exceptional performance in both 2D and 3D cutting.
In the rail manufacturing industry, complex vehicle structures are assembled from a large number of basic components. Ensuring the quality and dimensional accuracy of the final weld requires that each individual part meet strict standards, such as flatness, straightness, and edge finish. As a critical first step, the quality of the cut material directly influences the overall welding performance. Fiber laser cutting has gained popularity in this sector due to its high efficiency, speed, and precision, especially in the production of stainless steel bodies and bogies.
**First, the Characteristics of Laser Cutting**
Laser cutting is one of the most advanced cutting techniques available today. Compared to traditional methods, it offers benefits like a small working area, narrow slit width, minimal thermal distortion, high precision, and low noise levels. It is also non-polluting and easily automated. While the initial investment is higher, the operating costs are about 50% lower than machining. Additionally, lasers can cut non-metallic materials. As an advanced manufacturing technology, laser cutting provides a wide range of applications, flexible processes, high precision, excellent surface quality, and a clean, automated workflow. These features significantly improve product quality and productivity.
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The 19th Beijing Essen Welding & Cutting Fair
**Second, CNC Fiber Laser Cutting Equipment**
Our company utilizes the G3015F CNC fiber laser cutting and machining center developed by Han's Laser. This system integrates hardware, software, and the laser itself for optimal performance.
**Equipment Hardware System**
(1) The machine uses a gantry structure with imported gear racks and high-precision linear guides, ensuring stable transmission and high accuracy. The configurable exchange table allows simultaneous cutting and feeding, greatly enhancing production efficiency.
(2) The bed is fully welded and undergoes annealing and vibration aging to eliminate internal stresses, offering excellent rigidity and long-term stability.
(3) The beam is made from aluminum alloy, processed through annealing and vibration aging, then machined to high precision, providing good rigidity, light weight, and strong dynamic performance.
(4) The X, Y, and Z axes use high-torque Siemens servo motors, delivering high speed, precision, and durability for smooth and fast operation.
(5) The cutting head is specially designed for fiber lasers and includes a capacitive sensor from PRETECITE, Germany, offering high precision, quick response, and reliable performance.
(6) High-precision electronic proportional valves control the cutting gas pressure accurately, improving cutting results compared to manual regulators.
**2. Equipment Software System**
(1) The PA8000 CNC system, based on Windows, is tailored for laser cutting, featuring powerful functions, user-friendly interface, and easy operation.
(2) Israel CNCCAD software ensures efficient, full-time cutting and high nesting rates, effectively saving materials and boosting productivity.
**3. Fiber Laser**
The fiber laser cutting machine uses the YLS-2500 high-power fiber laser from IPG Photonics, a leading global manufacturer. [Image: http://i.bosscdn.com/blog/20/14/06/06112945_87104.jpg] [Image: http://i.bosscdn.com/blog/20/14/06/06113007_46002.jpg]
Thanks to its optical fiber design, the fiber laser occupies less space. Using a single-core junction semiconductor pump laser, it offers excellent heat dissipation. In low-density setups, air cooling suffices, while high-density configurations require only minimal water cooling. This makes the all-fiber laser compact and lightweight compared to similar output gas lasers. Its beam quality is more accurate, with a smaller divergence angle.
**Third, Subway Vehicle Bogie Anti-Loose Plate Cutting Case**
The anti-loose plate of a subway bogie has an irregular curved shape, made of 1Cr18Ni9Ti stainless steel, 8mm thick, with variable curvature. The middle pin hole must meet a tolerance of 35+0.1+0mm, requiring a smooth transition. A 2.4 kW pulse laser was used at a cutting speed of 2.2 m/min, with a focal length of 0.12–0.25 mm. Practical tests have confirmed that fiber laser cutting meets all required specifications. Other parts from subway laser cutting are shown in Figure 2. [Image: http://i.bosscdn.com/blog/20/14/06/06112854_53008.jpg]
**Fourth, Conclusion**
Fiber laser-cut products feature narrow slits (0.1–0.5 mm), minimal deformation, no burrs or wrinkles, and high precision (hole center distance error 0.1–0.4 mm, contour size error 0.1–0.5 mm). The slit surface quality is excellent (Ra=12.5–25 μm). Due to the flexibility of CNC laser systems, they are often preferred over die cutting and molding. Although slower than die punching, they eliminate mold costs and maintenance, saving time and reducing overall expenses. This makes fiber laser cutting a more economically viable option in many cases.
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