At high temperatures, it's crucial to be more cautious when using pesticides to ensure both effectiveness and safety. Farmers should understand the following key points when applying these chemicals:
1. **Adjust the concentration of the pesticide based on temperature**. As temperature rises, the efficacy of most pesticides increases. Therefore, it's advisable to reduce the concentration during hot seasons, especially for steroid-based formulations. Using a higher concentration can lead to phytotoxicity, which may damage crops. Always adjust the solution strength according to the current weather conditions.
2. **Improve pesticide adhesion and efficiency**. When spraying in open fields, choose products that are rain-resistant, such as emulsifiable concentrates. These formulations stick better to plant surfaces and last longer compared to powders or liquid sprays. For crops with waxy or hairy leaves—like corn, green onions, ginger, and taro—the spray may not adhere well. To enhance coverage, consider adding an adjuvant like silicone to improve the pesticide’s ability to stick and spread over the leaf surface.
3. **Optimize spray quality and application technique**. The amount of pesticide that adheres to the leaf is limited. If the spray volume is too high, droplets may merge into larger drops and roll off, reducing effectiveness. The ideal approach is to apply a fine, uniform mist that covers the entire leaf without dripping. This requires a good atomization system to minimize waste and maximize coverage. Also, pay special attention to the underside of leaves where pests often hide.
4. **Prevent pesticide poisoning and follow safety measures**. Always wear protective gear, including gloves and masks, especially when handling volatile pesticides. Avoid spraying during the hottest parts of the day in summer—ideally, spray before 9 AM or after 4 PM. Prolonged exposure or continuous use can increase the risk of toxicity. Make sure to rotate pesticides and follow label instructions carefully to avoid resistance and harm to both plants and people.
By following these guidelines, farmers can ensure safer and more effective pesticide use, protecting both their crops and the environment.
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