Wheat lodging is a common issue that affects crop stability and yield. There are two main types: root lodging and stem lodging. Root lodging occurs when the roots are weak, shallow, or not well-developed, making it difficult for them to support the weight of the above-ground parts of the plant. Stem lodging, on the other hand, is more frequent and typically results from underdeveloped mechanical tissues at the base of the stem and an excessive length between the first and second nodes. This condition is often caused by high plant density or overuse of nitrogen fertilizers.
Field experience has shown that preventing wheat lodging requires a comprehensive approach. In addition to selecting lodging-resistant varieties and improving soil preparation and planting quality, proper field management during the jointing stage is crucial. Early suppression of vigorous growth can help prevent excessive tillering, while deep cultivation after spring can cut some old roots and promote the development of new ones, thereby enhancing the plant’s resistance to lodging.
Controlling the use of green fertilizer and splitting fertilizer is also essential. Except for cases where base fertilizer is insufficient, poor soil conditions, or late sowing leads to weak seedlings, nitrogen fertilizer should be used more carefully to avoid excessive vegetative growth and encourage strong stalk development.
Another effective strategy is the rational use of plant growth regulators. For example:
1. Before the jointing stage, apply 15% paclobutrazol at a rate of 50 grams per acre, diluted in 50 kg of water and evenly sprayed.
2. Before the jointing stage, use 25–50 ml of 50% chlormequat solution per acre, mixed with 30–40 kg of water and sprayed.
3. Apply 15–20 ml of mepiquat chloride or 3–5 grams of DPC powder per acre, mixed with 40 kg of water and sprayed.
These practices help regulate plant growth, strengthen stems, and reduce the risk of lodging, ultimately leading to healthier and more productive wheat crops. By combining these techniques, farmers can significantly improve their wheat yields and ensure better crop performance throughout the growing season.
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