l Types and symptoms of common pig feed poisoning
1.l Clostridium botulinum poisoning This poisoning is caused by the deterioration of animal feed such as fish meal, meat and bone meal, and blood meal. The main pathological features are paralysis of the lips, tongue, and pharynx. During the necropsy, liver, spleen, kidney, gastrointestinal tract, meningeal congestion, edema, bleeding spots, dark brown liquid or porridge in the digestive tract can be seen.
1.2 Salmonella poisoning This disease is common in pig farms with frequent rodent activities. Rodent activities can cause feed and drinking water to be contaminated with Salmonella. After pigs are eaten into contaminated feed,
The bacteria will decompose and release endotoxin in the gastrointestinal tract. The disease manifests as abdominal pain, diarrhea, vomiting, and loss of appetite. The pathological changes in the necropsy are mainly inflammation of the digestive tract.
L.3 Mold poisoning This disease is caused by pigs feeding on moldy and degraded feed. More common in the rainy season or spring. The main features are digestive disorders and neurological symptoms. The pathological changes after necropsy were mainly liver damage.
1.4 Salt poisoning This disease is caused by the high consumption of salt in pigs (more than 6%) or the uneven mixing of feed or inadvertent rubber products, brine or drinking water. This type of poisoned pigs showed a large amount of drinking water, visible mucosal swelling, congestion, fluency, tremors, convulsions, sometimes neurological symptoms, fecal blood, and finally died in a coma. After the necropsy, a new membrane congestion in the gastric cavity was observed. Hemorrhagic inflammation, liver, spleen, kidney enlargement, cerebral congestion.
1.5 Nitrite poisoning When the forage or vegetable is trampled, frosted or rotted, deteriorated, and stored in a humid and humid environment, it can convert the nitrate contained into a highly toxic nitrite. Once pigs eat this type of pasture or vegetables, they can cause poisoning. The main symptoms are salivation, abdominal pain, diarrhea, difficulty in breathing, unstable walking, visible mucous membrane mucosa, low body temperature, and cold body parts. After the necropsy, the blood was black or red, like soy sauce, and the coagulation was poor. Gastrointestinal mucosa congestion, swelling, liver and kidney enlargement, epicardial, myocardium have a point.
1.6 Alkaloid Poisoning There are many alkaloid-containing plants with a wide distribution, at least 120 species in more than 50 families, such as delphinis, gourds, potatoes, and poisonous alkaloids. Alkaloids are a nitrogen-containing organic compound. When pig alkaloids are poisoned, they mainly manifest as neurological symptoms. Excitement or dullness, convulsions, angulation, weakness, etc. are usually present. Common changes in gastrointestinal inflammation during necropsy.
1.7 Cyanogenic cockroach Poisoning Fresh sorghum and corn seedlings contain cyanogenic strontium, especially the amount of cyanogenic strontium in their regenerated seedlings is higher. The leaves and seeds of linseed, peach, pear, plum, apricot, cherry, and alfalfa also contain cyanogen, which can cause poisoning when pigs eat too much of the above food. The main manifestation of porcine cyanogenic poisoning is that the oral mucosa is bright red, foaming at the mouth, and the exhaled gas often has almond flavor and weakness.
1.8 Additive poisoning When feeding poor quality feed to pigs, it is often caused by poisoning of sulfa drugs, copper, sodium selenite and other drugs and trace elements in the feed. Common symptoms are digestive dysfunction, vomiting, diarrhea or constipation, hair loss, increased dandruff, etc., and some may have neurological symptoms, and can cause death in severe cases.
L.9 cruciferous plants often cause poisoning of cruciferous plants such as cabbage, flower willow, Chinese cabbage, cabbage, mustard, oil and vegetables. Its poisoning component is a glycoside containing mustard meal. Under the action of the mustard enzyme, the glycoside can form toxic substances such as thiocyanate, isothiocyanate and nitrile, which can cause goiter, and the nitrile can damage the liver and kidneys, causing the pig to die. Feeding pigs with non-detoxified rapeseed cakes, the pigs will show uneasiness, ecstasy, loss of appetite, abdominal pain, diarrhea and other symptoms.
1.10 Food Feed Poisoning of Pests and Diseases Feeding pigs with wheat with scab may cause poisoning. Pig poisoning after diarrhea, uterus, vagina and stomach, kidney bleeding, miscarriage. Feeding pigs with wheat, barley, and smut-fed wheat with smut can cause diarrhea, masticatory muscle spasm, difficulty swallowing, paralysis of hind limbs, swelling of the eyelids, tearing, coughing, and miscarriage. Feeding pigs with wheat and other grassy grains infected with ergot fungus can cause gastroenteritis, salivation, vomiting, tremors, convulsions, dullness, and miscarriage. Feeding pigs with grain feeds that produce large amounts of gluten, whitefly, and gluten can cause stomatitis, gastroenteritis, diarrhea, and abdominal pain. Feeding pigs with black spotted cabbage and processed residue can cause loss of appetite, difficulty breathing, paralysis, blood stasis, and death. Feeding pigs with potatoes with dry rot can cause vomiting, spreading or foaming of the mouth, diarrhea, difficulty breathing, and death.
When the pig is poisoned by the feed, the feeding of the toxic feed should be stopped immediately, and the poison in the body should be quickly expelled to alleviate the systemic symptoms of the sick pig.
2.1 Removal of poisons First stop feeding toxic feeds. At the same time, take sodium sulfate or magnesium sulfate 30-40g (small pigs as appropriate) to the sick pigs, so that the gastrointestinal toxic substances are quickly excreted.
2.2.l chemical detoxification nitrite poisoning, can be intravenous injection of 1% Meilan, lml / kg body weight or 5% toluidine blue, 5mg / kg body weight intravenous or intraperitoneal or intramuscular injection; alkaloid poisoning, iodine with 4 ~ 5ml plus water Diluted orally; cyanide poisoning, can be used to detoxify Meilan.
2.2.2 To understand the poison, such as salt poisoning, can be injected into the ear by 10% evolutionary calcium 10-20ml. 2.2.3 Understanding the use of residual slip agent, such as starch 50 ~ 60g, or milk 200 ~ 300ml or activated carbon 50 ~ 100g and white clay 50 ~ 60g orally, after a 30min, then with salt laxatives will stomach The poison in the intestines is excreted.
2.3 symptomatic therapy When the sick pig appears convulsions. In case of convulsions, chlorpromazine 30-40mg or luminal can be injected to relieve phlegm; in heart failure, injection of 5 to 10ml of ana coffee or nectarine to improve the coronary circulation, excite the respiratory center; when diarrhea causes Rehydration, etc. during dehydration.
2.4 Systemic therapy is usually used in large doses of 5% to 10% glucose saline. Intravenous injection of compound saline (20 to 25 ml per 1 kg of body weight), when intravenous injection is difficult, it can be injected by injection or intraperitoneal injection.
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