Simple respirator and respirator training

First, the Simple Production of Gas Masks

A basic gas mask can be constructed using a transparent plastic bag as the face cover and a filter canister filled with filtering materials. The process involves several steps to ensure effective protection against harmful substances.

The first step is gathering the necessary materials:

• Filtration Material: Options include limestone particles (prepared by mixing quicklime with clay, drying, crushing, and soaking in an alkaline solution), activated carbon, or charcoal.
• Smoke Filter Material: Sawdust (0.6–1.2 mm in size) or cotton, foam sponge, and other soft absorbent materials can be used.
• Mask Cover: A transparent plastic bag that is strong, flexible, and airtight enough to cover the head. Alternatively, materials like bamboo or metal cans may also be used.
• Sealing Material: Tape, wire, elastic bands, cotton, or rubber cloth can help create a tight seal around the mask.

The second step involves assembling the mask. The cover is cut according to specific dimensions, and an elastic band is added for the headband. The mask is then sealed tightly with tape, and the filter canister is attached to the lower part of the mask. Additional straps are added to secure the mask in place during use.

Second, the Production of Anti-Virus Masks

Anti-virus masks can be made using various methods:

• Filled Masks: Gauze or towel masks can be filled with activated carbon, crushed lime, sawdust, charcoal, or cotton. Openings are left at the ends to form a headband.
• Dipping Masks: These are created by soaking fabric masks in a solution of diluted lye or soapy water. After squeezing out excess liquid, a pressure strip or layers of cotton/gauze are added to the nose area for better fit and airtightness.
• Wire Frame Mask: A wire frame is shaped to fit the face, and thick cotton fabric is soaked in a baking soda solution, dried slightly, and placed over the face. A dry towel is added on top, and the whole structure is secured inside the wire frame with fastening tapes.

Third, the Use of Simple Gas Masks

Simple gas masks include gas masks, canisters, anti-virus glasses, and more. Proper usage is crucial for their effectiveness:

• Ensure airtightness when wearing the mask. Poor sealing reduces its protective function.
• For dipping masks, insert a soft cloth inside to avoid skin irritation and increase the surface area of the filter.
• Keep the mask wet by soaking it before use, and store it in a sealed plastic bag for up to 10 hours.

Training and Evaluation

Training includes checking the airtightness of the mask, practicing proper wearing techniques, and testing performance during movement. Evaluation focuses on how well the mask maintains a seal, stays in place during activity, and functions effectively.

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